Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Studies show that both very low and very high fasting insulin levels can increase the risk of dementia, including Alzheimer’s. Low insulin levels may indicate a different risk of dementia, other than diabetes-related risk. Monitoring fasting insulin helps identify people at risk even if they do not have diabetes currently.Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar. Studies show that both very low and very high fasting insulin levels can increase the risk of dementia, including Alzheimer’s. Low insulin levels may indicate a different risk of dementia, other than diabetes-related risk. Monitoring fasting insulin helps identify people at risk even if they do not have diabetes currently.